Type 1 diabetes
mellitus, one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood, is caused by
insulin deficiency resulting from the destruction of insulin-producing
pancreatic beta cells.
There
are special challenges of caring for children and
adolescents with diabetes, to identify the care of adult
children. This includes the obvious difference in the size
of the patient, development issues, such as the unpredictability
of an infant dietary intake and activity level, and health
problems, such as enhanced
hypoglycemia and
diabetic ketoacidosis. Because of these considerations, the management of children
with Type 1 must take into account the age and maturity of child development.
When your child is diagnosed with type 1
diabetes, it can be overwhelming and frightening. Suddenly seems to have so
much to learn and so much to send, life will never be normal.
Life cannot go back the way it is, but go
ahead with support and instruction, it becomes manageable. There basic management
that parents should focus on when their child is diagnosed with type 1
diabetes.
Understanding
Insulin dose
Since your child's body cannot produce
insulin, so it must be replaced during the day, usually by injection. There are
several methods of insulin:
A fixed dose of intermediate and rapid-acting
insulins. A fixed dose of insulin your child should have food during the peak
action of insulin. Food should be as close as possible at the same time each
day in the same proportion of carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
Children taking long acting insulin such as
Lantus still need a dose of fast-acting insulin at mealtimes. Count the number
of fast-acting insulin, depending on the carbohydrate content of foods.
Children using insulin pumps also need a dose
of rapid-acting insulin before meals based on carbohydrate content of
complementary foods
Important
of Blood Glucose Testing
Sugar in the blood of your child should be
checked before meals and before bed time. Blood glucose level in children, they
vary by age group and can be adjusted depending on individual experience hypoglycemia
of your child. The recommended level may seem high compared to levels in adult
diabetes. The reason beyond the higher number is because children, especially
infants, are at higher risk of hypoglycemia. Keep a journal of food and blood
sugar numbers, time, and physical activity to get the big picture, how to
manage your child's diabetes. So you think your child's blood sugar changes,
and it is no longer able to keep an even keel.
Recommended Blood
Glucose Levels
Age
|
Before
Meals
|
Bedtime/Overnight
|
Kids under
6
|
100-180
|
110-200
|
Age
6-12
|
90-180
|
100-180
|
Age 13-19
|
90-130
|
90-150
|
Learn
how to manage low blood sugar
Also known as hypoglycemia, low blood sugar
is a common problem for children with type 1 diabetes.
The symptoms include:
Irritability
Headache
Dizziness
Double vision
Tremor or weakness
Lack of coordination
Agitation
Drowsiness or confusion
Seizures or fainting
Blood glucose levels less than 70
Where the sugar in the blood of your child is
too low, allow children to drink or eat a concentrated amount of sugar (about
10 to 15 grams) in order to increase the value of glucose in the blood is
greater than 80 mg / dL. Some examples might be:
Two glucose tablets or glucose gel for 2
doses
One or two tablespoons of honey
Two to four pieces of candy
Half a can of regular soda
Half glass of orange juice or other sweet
like grape juice. Boxes of fruit juices and this will be useful
Seven to 10 Jelly Beans
This is a good idea to keep a small bag
packed with a storage compartment of the car 15 doses of one gram of sugar
sources
If a child cannot eat or drink, use the
glucagon kit. Glucagon is a hormone that helps the release liver blood sugar. It’s
available in a kit and is an injectable drug. Usually raises blood sugar within
half an hour. Glucagon requires a prescription from your doctor.
Keep 1 or 2 set ready and waiting for the
first hypoglycemic emergency occurs. Practice Kit. The doctor, diabetes
educator, or pharmacist can provide the kit of practice, for which you are comfortable
using, prior to need.
If the child loses consciousness, and not
have glucagon, the child must go to hospital immediately. This is a medical
emergency.
Nutrition
- the
normative nutritional therapy that relies largely on the chosen lifestyle.
Moderate, the meal planning to ensure a constant intake of carbohydrate. This
is especially true for children in the conventional fixed-food recipes that
require insulin treatment. Meal planning should be individualized to
accommodate the children's food preferences and eating habits and the cultural
agenda.
At the time of diagnosis, many patients lose
weight, it is restored at the beginning of insulin therapy, hydration, and
adequate intake of energy. At this time, increased consumption, children often
require large amounts of insulin to control blood sugar levels.
The Nutrition management, including change of
use of carbohydrate, carbohydrate counting, glycemic index and content and are
discussed in more detail separately.
Exercise
affects blood sugar level
Physical activity reduces blood sugar levels.
diabetic children should get regular daily exercise. Parents should be aware
that hypoglycemia can occur during exercise, so children should watch their
blood sugar levels before they start using it. If your blood sugar is low, they
should have a carbohydrate snack and rest until their blood sugar to normal
levels (80 mg / dL).
Parents should be gym teachers, coaches and
team managers are aware of their child's diabetes and the possibility of
hypoglycemic reactions.
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